Every November 8, Canada observes National Indigenous Veterans’ Day to honour First Nations, Inuit and Métis people who have served in war, peacekeeping and military operations.
Indigenous military service is an important part of Canada’s history. Veterans Affairs Canada estimates that more than 12,000 Indigenous people served in the major conflicts of the twentieth century, with at least 500 losing their lives.
Peguis Central School created a wall of photographs that proudly displays dozens of those who enlisted in the major wars Canada fought in. Many overcame barriers to enlist, including distance, language differences and discrimination. Their contributions included combat, nursing, reconnaissance and communications.
The most well known member of Peguis – then St. Peter’s band – was Tommy Prince, the great-grandson of Chief Peguis. He was decorated with medals. In 1950 when the Korean War broke out, Tommy signed up again to serve his country.
During the Second World War, Cree code talkers such as Charles “Checker” Tomkins helped protect military messages by translating them into Cree.
The importance of this day also lies in acknowledging injustice. Despite serving alongside other Canadians, many Indigenous veterans returned home to unequal treatment. They encountered barriers to benefits, assistance and recognition. For some First Nations veterans, government policies restricted access to land and support that other veterans received. Remembering this history means recognizing both their service and the discrimination that continued after they removed their uniforms.
National Indigenous Veterans’ Day encourages Canadians to listen to veterans and their families, attend commemorative ceremonies and learn about the distinct experiences of First Nations, Inuit and Métis communities. It also recognizes a continuing tradition of service, including Indigenous members of the Canadian Armed Forces and Canadian Rangers.
By sharing these stories, Canadians can build a fuller understanding of their country’s past. November 8 connects remembrance with reconciliation, reminding us that gratitude must include respect, honest acknowledgment of injustice and a commitment to ensuring Indigenous veterans receive the recognition they have earned.